Erenfried Walter von Tschirnhaus: «Medicina mentis» as the First Philosophy and General Science
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22240/sent33.02.093Keywords:
cartesianism, rationalism, empiricism, criticism, first philosophy, general science, critical method, Spinoza, LeibnizAbstract
The treatise of E.W. von Tschirnhaus «Medicina mentis»… is discussed in this article in the context of formation of Kant’s transcendental criticism. The study of theoretical sources of Tschirnhaus’s epistemology shows that, despite the strong influence of Spinoza and Leibniz, Tschirnhaus is closer to the Cartesian tradition. Trying to eliminate the metaphysical backgrounds from philosophy, he brings together empirical and rationalist traditions as close as possible. Such «critical convergence» results in the «subjective turn» that (partly through Ch. Wolff, but mainly through I.N. Tetens) leads to Kant's transcendental idealism.
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