Sententiae

The “Convergence" of Istmat in the 1970s–1980s in Ukraine: the Path to Social, Political, or Moral Philosophy?

2025-04-30T11:18:27+03:00

Interview of Vsevolod Khoma with Professor Tamara Yashchuk within the framework of the research program “Ukrainian Philosophy of the 60s–80s of the 20th Century” of the Student Society of Oral History of Philosophy.

Education for Community Development

2025-04-30T11:31:08+03:00

Report on the event “Dmytro Chyzhevsky Forum: Education for Community Development”, held on April 4-5, 2025 Oleksandria city

On the Perspective of a Broader Discussion. The Section “Historiography of Ukrainian Philosophy: Tradition and Prospects” (Filosofska Dumka, (3), 2024)

2025-04-30T00:18:48+03:00

Review of the section «Historiography of Ukrainian philosophy: tradition and perspectives» (Filosofska Dumka, (3), 2024)

Between Late and Early Wittgenstein. Lugg, A. (2021). Wittgenstein’s Remarks on Colour. A Commentary and Interpretation. London & New York: Anthem Press.

2025-04-30T10:06:43+03:00

Review of Lugg, A. (2021). Wittgenstein’s Remarks on Colour. A Commentary and Interpretation. London & New York: Anthem Press.

More than a Biography: the Chyzhevskyi Family between the History of Philosophy and Community Building. Valialvko, I., & Zhakhalova, N. (2024). The family of Maria and Ivan Chyzhevskyi. Echoes of life. Historico-biographical sketch. (O. Chudnov, Еd.). Kropyvnytskyi: Imex-LTD.

2025-04-30T10:41:21+03:00

Review of Valialvko, I., & Zhakhalova, N. (2024). The family of Maria and Ivan Chyzhevskyi. Echoes of life. Historico-biographical sketch. (O. Chudnov, Еd.). Kropyvnytskyi: Imex-LTD.

The Right to Vote in Intellectual Discussion. Bakayev, M., & Pugach, V. (Eds.). (2024). Women-Philosophers. Kyiv: Plato's Cave Publishing House.

2025-04-30T11:04:35+03:00

Review of Bakayev, M., & Pugach, V. (Eds.). (2024). Women-Philosophers. Kyiv: Plato's Cave.

Dialogue and Historico-Philosophical Reflection in Papers on the Oral History of Philosophy (2019–2024)

2025-04-29T21:21:54+03:00

The paper describes the development of the idea of the oral history of philosophy from the round table ‘Oral History of Philosophy: Written Format’ (2019) to the latest publications of 2024. The author suggests that the oral history of philosophy as a dialogic historical-philosophical reflection emerged in Ukraine as an attempt to understand the totalitarian past and the experience of philosophy under the totalitarian regime.

Golden Age of Danish Hegelianism. Stewart, J. (2024-2025). History of Hegelianism in Golden Age Denmark (T. I-III). Leiden: Brill.

2025-04-29T21:51:29+03:00

Review of Stewart, J. (2024-2025). History of Hegelianism in Golden Age Denmark (T. I-III). Leiden: Brill.

Asia in Paradigms of the History of Modern Philosophy. Ambrogio, S. (2022). Chinese and Indian Ways of Thinking in Early Modern European Philosophy: The Reception and the Exclusion. London: Bloomsbury Academic.

2025-04-29T22:16:36+03:00

Review of Ambrogio, S. (2022). Chinese and Indian Ways of Thinking in Early Modern European Philosophy: The Reception and the Exclusion. London: Bloomsbury Academic.

New Critical Editions of Mohylian Ethical Courses: Teofan Prokopovych and Mykhailo Kozachynskyi. Huber, S. (Ed.). (2024). T. Prokopowicz, Ethica sive scientia morum; M. Kozaczynski, Philosophia moralis seu Ethica. Warszawa: Sub lupa.

2025-04-29T23:37:48+03:00

Review of Huber, S. (Ed.). (2024). T. Prokopowicz, Ethica sive scientia morum, M. Prokopowicz, Philosophia moralis seu Ethica. Warszawa: Sub lupa.

The Meaning of Life as a Source of Historico-Philosophical Essays. Furtak, R. A. (2025). Kierkegaard, Socrates, and the Meaning of Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2025-04-29T23:57:44+03:00

Review of Furtak, R. A. (2025). Kierkegaard, Socrates, and the Meaning of Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

“Three days and three nights have passed since that day”: a sermon by Varlaam Yasinsky on the Resurrection of Christ

2025-04-28T22:23:06+03:00

This publication is the first to introduce into scientific circulation a manuscript sermon by a prominent Ukrainian thinker of the second half of the seventeenth century, Metropolitan of Kyiv, Galicia, and All Rus' Varlaam Yasynsky. The article accompanying the publication characterizes the sermon in terms of its philosophical and theological ideas, rhetorical devices, etc. Particular attention is paid to how the sermon reflects certain moral and ethical values, the importance of which Varlaam Yasinsky tried to convince his flock. A preliminary overview of the conceptual apparatus used in the text published here is also provided. A detailed description of the manuscript of sermon text is also provided. The principles of metagraphizing a manuscript text are described: the peculiarities of the transmission of letters, glosses, superscripts, punctuation marks, authorial corrections, etc. are indicated.

Materials for the Bibliography of Kyrylo Mitrovich

2025-04-28T22:59:29+03:00

The author provides the most complete bibliography to day of Kyrylo Mitrovich's book and press publications for 1951–2024 (in Ukrainian, German, and French).

Correspondence between Volodymyr Shynkaruk and Yakiv Bludov

2025-04-28T23:24:04+03:00

The first commented edition of Volodymyr Shynkaruk's review letter of the manuscript of “Philosophical Essays” by Yakiv Bludov. The text of the typewritten original is reproduced. The commentary to the published text is based on materials from Shynkaruk's personal archive, as well as documents and periodicals from the 1920s–1930s and 1960s–1980s.

Epistemological Foundations of Andreas Rüdiger's "Synthetic Philosophy"

2025-04-22T14:38:02+03:00

The article aims to (1) reconstruct the epistemological foundations of Rüdiger's “synthetic philosophy"; (2) to reveal the main innovations of his view on the origin of ideas in comparison with the views of the representatives of English empiricism; (3) to identify the possible influence of his epistemological ideas on the further development of German philosophy of the 18th century. The article shows that Rüdiger's main innovation is the thesis that the final point of reliable knowledge is not external but internal sensation, free from all internal and external influences. Considering ideas as actions of the intellect, Rüdiger endows them with synthetic, formative functions. Having essentially expanded the idea concept from imaginative and conceptual to propositional and discursive, Rüdiger presents knowledge as a reflexive creative process of obtaining new knowledge, whose reality and reliability are based on internal sensation. These ideas, and his concept of knowledge as a reflexive process of successive synthesis of knowledge, could influence not only his followers (Chr. Crusius and J. N. Tetens) but also Kant and other representatives of German classical idealism.

„Learn from artists“ – Friedrich Nietzsche on the Art of Living

2025-04-22T15:06:34+03:00

This paper examines the relationship between art and life in the works of Friedrich Nietzsche. While Nietzscheʼs topos of the “art of living” has often been explored as an ethos of self-formation, the specific connection with various arts is often overlooked. Both the actor and the painter become role models whose techniques are suggested as useful strategies. Scholars often overlook that Nietzsche corrects his earlier metaphysical ideas according to which art has the role of justifying life and, on the contrary, places art in the middle of life and no longer beyond it. While usually the actor is seen as hypocritic figure, Nietzsche not only develops a specific evolutionary-biological genealogy of the artist, outlining the artistʼs origin in the need for dissimulation and acting, but also emphasizes the power of metamorphosis and transformation. Finally, Nietzsche assigns to art a new significance, which is more than just creating works of art. Inspired by the techniques of art and artists, people can use its power to beautify, elevate and reinterpret their life. The philosopher himself benefits from the techniques of transformation, insofar as perspectival cognition becomes his guide.

Origins and Development of Peruvian Philosophy

2025-04-22T15:55:27+03:00

This paper argues that there were five distinct periods of Peruvian philosophy after the arrival of the first Europeans: 1- The reception of scholasticism during the 16th and 17th centuries and the Peruvian philosophy produced under its influence. 2- From the 18th century until the mid-19th century, there was a move away from scholasticism and the Peruvian reception of modern European philosophers. 3- The paper focuses mainly on the ideas developed from the mid-19th century to the beginning of the 20th century when Peruvian philosophers were mainly influenced by French and English Positivism (Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer) and Darwinism. 4- Early to mid-20th century, when Peruvian philosophers moved away from Positivism and embraced what in Latin America was called 'spiritualism,' which is the name chosen to describe the vitalism or intuitionism of Henri Bergson. In this period, Marxism also exerted a strong influence. 5- From the mid-20th century to the present day. This period is characterized by diverse influences, mainly from continental European philosophy, Anglo-American philosophy, and the philosophies of other Latin American countries. Interestingly, the philosophy produced in Peru today has the traits of creativity that a mixture of influences typically produces. Thus, it is now easier to find Peruvian philosophers who are well acquainted with philosophers from different traditions, which means that they are used to suggesting and defending ideas from different perspectives. This kind of creativity could be characteristic of the globalized philosophy we will see in the coming decades. Thus, this paper explains how and why Peruvian philosophical debates have the shape they have today.

Epistemological Problem of Ens Rationis in Post-Tridentine Scholasticism and Contemporary Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence

2025-04-23T15:10:51+03:00

The article analyzes the possibility of using the post-Tridentine scholastic concept of the being of reason to address issues in the philosophy of artificial intelligence (AI). The authors argue that the concepts of the being of reason developed by Pedro da Fonseca and Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza can serve as a tool for analyzing cognitive processes in AI language models. This is grounded in two key premises: first, artificial intelligence processes replicate the processes of natural human intelligence; second, the scholastic distinction between real being and being of reason enables a clear differentiation between real and fictional objects that exist only due to the cognitive operations of AI. By examining the causes underlying the emergence of the being of reason (powers of the soul and operations of the intellect), the authors draw parallels with contemporary algorithms used to generate fictional objects. As a result, it is concluded that the scholastic concept of the "ens rationis" points to an analogy between the mechanisms of forming beings of reason in the human intellect and the generation of fiction produced by AI systems.

Tradition in the Context of Philosophical Work

2025-04-23T15:46:00+03:00

The article examines the theoretical relevance of the concept of national philosophical tradition, which is considered a distinctive characteristic of the existence of philosophy in the context of a particular national culture and society. The author criticizes two common ways of understanding national philosophical traditions. The first considers such a tradition as the highest level of creative achievement of philosophical thought, which determines the historical development of philosophy as such. The second associates national philosophical tradition with manifesting the original foundations of national life (culture). In contrast to these approaches, the following position is proposed: the national philosophical tradition is formed by the effect of the integration of philosophy into the national culture, i.e., by using it to solve the most important problems of the development of a given society. Tradition is, first of all, not a look back but a movement forward. Based on understanding tradition as a universal way of passing on cultural experience, philosophical tradition seeks to answer the question, "How is philosophical work passed on, reproduced, and developed? This question and the meaning of philosophical tradition can only be understood by considering a complex number of other questions and concepts that characterize the philosophical life of a particular country: philosophical community, institutions, education, communication, culture, social influence of philosophy, etc. Having a tradition is not in itself a positive thing. It can be of inferior quality, simulative, weak, unoriginal, etc. In addition, tradition imposes certain substantive limitations – it is characterized by a certain inertia of thought and the temptation to follow already mastered and proven ways of thinking. Therefore, the development of philosophical work presupposes following tradition and constant revision.

Reductionism, Neuroscience, and Cartesian Metaphysics

2025-04-23T16:02:08+03:00

The article criticizes reductionist approaches in contemporary historico-philosophical studies of Cartesian brain physiology. The author states that in general these studies one can divide into two directions. The difference between these directions lies in the attitude towards Cartesian metaphysics. Representatives of the first of them are focused on filling research gaps within the complex relationship between Cartesian metaphysics and physiology. Representatives of the second seek various kinds of “reexaminations of traditional approaches” in order to recognize the “central” place of brain physiology in Cartesianism. I qualify the second of these approaches as reductionist. Its main shortcomings are a significant distortion of the structure of Cartesian philosophy and the predominance of prejudices over objective analysis. The results of such an approach are usually a pretentious proof of something long proven as something new. I also demonstrate that this type of reductionism has ideological reasons and is a direct continuation of a tradition that categorically fails to accept the Cartesian concept of the mind as a thinking thing.

Oral History of Philosophy and Oral History of Sociology: “A Philosopher Has the Right to Create Parallel Worlds, but a Sociologist Does Not”

2025-04-29T00:19:54+03:00

Discussion by Yevhen Holovakha, Inna Holubovich, and Olena Liseyenko on the Disciplinary Status of Oral History of Philosophy and Oral History of Sociology.