Ideological Interpretations of Nietzsche’s Philosophical Views in the Ukrainian Cultural Context (the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22240/sent36.01.071Keywords:
ideology, critique of culture, Ukrainian philosophy, Ukrainian NietzscheanismAbstract
The paper states that, in Ukrainian reception of his philosophy, Nietzsche appears to be a highly ambivalent thinker. Nietzsche himself often defined his philosophizing as ambiguous, and so in this article I try to explicate the different fluctuations in the reception of his ideas. I follow the transformation and adaptation of some of Nietzsche’s key ideas which, in Ukrainian context, got unexpected formulations and ideological connotations. Drawing on this, I argue that most significant elements in the Ukrainian reception are connected to the literary reading of Nietzscheanism. Finally, the main topics of Ukrainian Nietzscheanism are related to ‘historical nihilism’ as a diagnosis of culture. The article traces how Nietzsche’s ideas became a powerful tool in critical approach to naturalism, emotional writing and provincialism. The important characteristics that developed the ideas of Nietzscheanism in Ukraine include the following points. The desire to find a strong man (Kobylyanska, Vynnychenko, Semenko). The problem of individual freedom and its place in society, as well as the criticism of obscurantism (Ukrainska Khata). The understanding of the critical moments in history and actualization of creativity (Khvyliovyj, Rylskyj). The openness to interpretation, discussion, and diagnosis of the cultural conditions (members of the Prague school). The re-evaluation of the role of morality and religion, the awareness of the tragedy of being and finally, the search for the balance between intelligence and voluntarism (Lypynsky, Dontsov).References
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Yemelianova, N. (2008). Philosophical Reflection on Ukrainian Intellectuals (The Age of Executed Renaissance. [In Ukrainian]. Visnyk donetskoho universytetu, Seria B, 1, 156-163.
Yevshan, M. (1998). The Problem of Creation. [In Ukrainian]. In M. Yevshan, Krytyka; Literaturoznavstvo. Estetyka (pp. 12-17). Kyiv: Osnovy.
Belimova, T. (2003). F. Nietzsche’s Discourse as One of the Discourses of the Text of Victor Domontovych’ Novel “The Girl with the Teddy Bear”. [In Ukrainian]. Visnyk. Literaturoznavstvo. Movoznavstvo. Folklorystyka, 14, 7-11.
Bychko, I. (1994). Nietzsche in Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. Filosofska i Siciolohichna Dumka, 9-10, 154-177.
Demchuk, P. (1929). Essays On the Modern German Philosophy. [In Ukrainian]. Prapor marksysmu, 6, 63-77.
Demchuk, P. (1930). Essays On the Modern German Philosophy. [In Ukrainian]. Prapor marksysmu, 1-2.
Dontsov, D. (2006). The ideology of Actual Nationalism. [In Ukrainian]. In O. Protsenko, & V. Lisovy (Eds.)., Nationalism: Antolohia. Kyiv, Smoloskyp.
Hrytsak, Y. (2005, August 25). Franko – out current, marginal, and therefore revolutionary. [In Ukrainian]. Lvivska hazeta, 151(717). Retrieved from http://literatura.kh.ua/person.php?idart=44&id=18
Hundurova, T. (2009). Appearance of the Word. Discussion on Early Ukrainian Modernism. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Krytyka.
Khrystiuk, P. (1913). V. Vynnychenko i F. Nietzsche. [In Ukrainian]. Ukrainska Khata, 4-5, 275-299.
Kmit, Y. (1901). Friedrich Nietzsche. [In Ukrainian]. Literaturno-naukovyj visnyk, 8, 87-107.
Krymsky, A. (1963). "Tsarivna". The story of Olga Kobylianska. [In Ukrainian]. In F. P. Pohrebennyk (Ed.), Olha Kobylianska in criticism and memories (pp. 36-38). Kyiv: Derz. vyd. khud. literatury.
Kulychenko, L. K. (1982). Nietzscheanism. [In Ukrainian]. In M. Bazhan (Ed.), Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia (V. 7, p. 390). Kyiv: URE.
Lubkivska, O. (1995). The Models of Manifestation of Nietzsche’s Philosophy in Ukrainian Literature. [In Ukrainian]. Suchasnist, 4, 144-147.
Lutsiv, L. (1975). Kobylianska and F. Nietzsche. [In Ukrainian]. In L. Lutsiv, Literature and Life: Literary Assessments (pp. 151-178). Jersey City: Svoboda.
Lutsky, O. (1907, November 18). Young Muse. Dilo.
Lypynsky, V. (1998a). Moral and Political Action. [In Ukrainian]. In O. Protsenko, & V. Lisovy (Eds.), Konservatyzm: Antolohia (pp. 196-201). Kyiv: Smoloskyp.
Lypynsky, V. (1998b). Universalism in tilling ideology. [In Ukrainian]. In O. Protsenko, & V. Lisovy (Eds.), Konservatyzm: Antolohia (pp. 120-132). Kyiv: Smoloskyp.
Makovey, O. (1963). Olha Kobylianska (Literary and Critical Study). [In Ukrainian]. In F. P. Pohrebennyk (Ed.), Olha Kobylianska in criticism and memories (pp. 44-67). Kyiv: Derz. vyd. khud. literatury.
Malaniuk, Y. (n. d.). The Book of Observation. Franko Unknown. [In Ukrainian]. Retrieved October 17, 2016, from Ukrainske gitt’a v Savastopoli website: http://www.ukrlife.org/main/evshan/malaniuk2.htm
Panchenko, V. (2000). Creation of Volodymyr Vynnychenko 1902-1920 in Genetic and Typological Relations to European Literatures. [In Ukrainian]. Retrieved November 5, 2016, from Electronna biblioteka ONBU Kirovograd website: http://library.kr.ua/books/panchenko/index.shtml
Pavlychko, S. (1999). The Discourse of Modernism in Ukrainian Literature. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Lybid.
Pavlyshyn, M. (2008). Olha Kobylianska: Reading. [In Ukrainian]. Kharkiv: Akta.
Pidmohyl'nyi, V. (2006). A Little Touch Of Drama. Retrieved October 19, 2016, from Electronic Library of Ukrainian Literature website: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/11517461/valerian-pidmohylnyi-a-little-touch-of-drama-university-of-toronto
Rylsky, M. (n. d.). Nietzsche. [In Ukrainian]. Retrieved November 5, 2016, from Biblioteka koshovogo pysaria website: http://pysar.net/virsz.php?poet_id=58&virsz_id=11
Stefanyk, V. (1954). Letter 26 to V. I. Morachevsky. [In Ukrainian]. In V. Stefanyk, Complete collection of works: in 3 vol. (Vol. 3, pp. 43-45). Kyiv: VAN URSR.
Tarnawsky, M. (1991). Modernism in Ukrainian Prose. [In Ukrainian]. Harvard Ukrainian Studies, 15(3-4), 263-272.
Yakovenko, S. (2006). Romantics, aesthetes, nietzscheans. Ukrainian and Polish Literary Criticism of Early Modernism. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Krytyka.
Yefremov, S. (1995). The History of Ukrainian Literature. [In Ukrainian]. Kyiv: Famina.
Yemelianova, N. (2008). Philosophical Reflection on Ukrainian Intellectuals (The Age of Executed Renaissance. [In Ukrainian]. Visnyk donetskoho universytetu, Seria B, 1, 156-163.
Yevshan, M. (1998). The Problem of Creation. [In Ukrainian]. In M. Yevshan, Krytyka; Literaturoznavstvo. Estetyka (pp. 12-17). Kyiv: Osnovy.
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2017-06-16
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Lyuty, T. (2017). Ideological Interpretations of Nietzsche’s Philosophical Views in the Ukrainian Cultural Context (the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries). Sententiae, 36(1), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.22240/sent36.01.071
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