Sadr ad-Din Shirazi’s Doctrine of Being
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22240/sent36.01.006Keywords:
Sadr ad-Din Shirazi, Being, entity, essence, quiddity, Thomas Aquinas, actus essendi, oblivion of being, Martin HeideggerAbstract
The article examines the metaphysical doctrine of being of the great Iranian philosopher and theologian Sadr ad-Din Shirazi, who fundamentally renewed philosophy in Islamic world. The following aspects of this doctrine are considered: (1) primacy and hierarchy of being; (2) the distinction between the concept of being and the reality of being; (3) the difference between being and entity; (4) the difference between being and quiddity. The article shows the similarity of Sadr ad-Din Shirazi’s doctrine and certain Thomas Aquinas’s conceptions, especially his doctrine of the act of being (actus essendi). Both philosophers elaborated the ontological difference between being and entity (Sein und Seienden). Therefore, they can not be included in the “oblivion of being” tradition (Seinsvergessenheit) which is the main feature of the history of European metaphysics, according to Martin Heidegger.References
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Schuon, F. (1981). Sophia perennis. In G.-K. Kaltenbrunner (Hrsg.), Wissende, Verschwiegene, Eingeweihte. Hinführung zur Esoterik, Herderbücherei Initiative 42. München: Herder.
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Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (1958). Al-Asfār al-arb’a (V. 1). (M. H. Tabataba’i, Ed.). Qom.
Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (1965). Le livre des pénétrations métaphysiques (Kitab al-Mashā’ir). Paris, & Teheran: Dep. d'iranologie de l'Institut franco-iranien.
Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (2003). Ḥikma al-muta’ āliya fī l-asfār al-arba’a al-´aqliyya. (G. A’avani, Ed.), Teheran.
Youn Hui Kang. (1999). La libertà di san Tommaso nell’interpretazione di Cornelio Fabro, Roma: Pontificia universitas urbaniana.
Corbin, H. (1988). Introduction. In Ṣ. al-D. M. Širāzī, Le livre des pénétrations métaphysiques (Kitāb al- Mashā’ir). (H. Corbin, Trans.). Lagrasse: Verdier.
Corbin, H. (1990). Philosophie prophétique et métaphysique de l’être. In H. Corbin, L’Iran et la philosophie. Paris: Fayard.
Daiber, H. (2007a). Bibliography of Islamic philosophy. Supplement. Leiden, Boston: Brill.
Daiber, H. (2007b). Bibliography of Islamic Philosophy. Vol. 1 : Alphabetical list of publications. Leiden, Boston: Brill.
Fabro, C. (1953). Ontologia esistenzialistica e metafisica tradizionale. Rivista di Filosopfia Neo-Scolastica, 45(6), 581-618.
Fabro, C. (1956). Actualité et originalité de l’esse thomiste. Revue thomiste, 56, 240-270, 480-510.
Fabro, C. (1957). Dall’essere all’esistente. Brescia: Morcelliana.
Fabro, C. (1969). La problematica dello «esse» tomistico. In C. Fabro, Tomismo e pensiero modern. Roma: Pontifica Universita' Lateranense.
Heidegger, M. (1929). Kant und das Problem der Metaphysik. Bonn: F. Cohen.
Heidegger, M. (1950). Der Spruch des Anaximander. In M. Heidegger, Holzwege. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1953). Einführung in die Metaphysik. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Heidegger, M. (1955). Vom Wesen des Grundes. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1976a). Brief über den Humanismus. In M. Heidegger, Wegmarken: Gesamtausgabe (GA), Bd. 9, Abt. 1: Veröffentlichte Schriften 1910-1976 (pp. 313-364). Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1976b). Nachwort zu “Was ist Metaphysik”? In M. Heidegger, Wegmarken: GA, Bd. 9, Abt. 1… (pp. 303-312). Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1976c). Platons Lehre von der Wahrheit. In M. Heidegger, Wegmarken: GA, Bd. 9, Abt. 1… (pp. 203-238). Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1976d). Vom Wesen der Wahrheit. In M. Heidegger, Wegmarken: GA, Bd. 9, Abt. 1… (pp. 177-202). Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (2006). Sein und Zeit. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Ibn Sina. (1980). Kitāb aš-Šifā (Bd. 1). Kairo.
Izutsu, T. (1971). The fundamental structure of Sabzawari’s metaphysics. In T. Izutsu, The Concept and Reality of Existence (pp. 57-149). Tokyo: Keio Institute.
Nasr, S. H. (1972). Mullā Ṣadrā and the Doctrine of the Unity of Being. The Philosophical forum, 4(1), 153-161.
Oldmeadow, H. (2010). Frithjof Schuon and the Perennial Philosophy. Bloomington: World Wisdom.
Pangallo, M. (1987). L‘essere come atto nell tomismo essenziale di Cornelio Fabro. Roma: Libreria Editrice Vaticana.
Picht, G. (1980). Der Begriff der Energeia bei Aristoteles. In G. Picht, Hier und Jetzt (Bd. 1, pp. 289-308). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.
Rizvi, S. H. (2007). Mullā Ṣadrā Shīrāzī: His Life and Works and The Sources for Safavid Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Rizvi, S. H. (2009). Mullā Şadrā and Metaphysics: modulation of being. London: Routledge.
Schuon, F. (1981). Sophia perennis. In G.-K. Kaltenbrunner (Hrsg.), Wissende, Verschwiegene, Eingeweihte. Hinführung zur Esoterik, Herderbücherei Initiative 42. München: Herder.
Schütz, L. (1983). Thomas-Lexikon: Sammlung, Übers. u. Erkl. d. in sämtl. Werken d. h. Thomas von Aquin vorkommenden Kunstausdrücke u. wiss. Aussprüche. (Nachdr.). Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog.
Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (1958). Al-Asfār al-arb’a (V. 1). (M. H. Tabataba’i, Ed.). Qom.
Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (1965). Le livre des pénétrations métaphysiques (Kitab al-Mashā’ir). Paris, & Teheran: Dep. d'iranologie de l'Institut franco-iranien.
Širāzī, Ṣ. al-D. M. (2003). Ḥikma al-muta’ āliya fī l-asfār al-arba’a al-´aqliyya. (G. A’avani, Ed.), Teheran.
Youn Hui Kang. (1999). La libertà di san Tommaso nell’interpretazione di Cornelio Fabro, Roma: Pontificia universitas urbaniana.
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Published
2017-06-16
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Pietsch, R. (2017). Sadr ad-Din Shirazi’s Doctrine of Being. Sententiae, 36(1), 6–16. https://doi.org/10.22240/sent36.01.006
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